國務(wù)院新聞辦公室于3月6日(星期五)下午4時(shí)在湖北武漢舉行新冠肺炎疫情防控救治進(jìn)展情況新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。中央指導(dǎo)組成員、國家衛(wèi)生健康委黨組成員、中醫(yī)藥局黨組書記余艷紅出席發(fā)布會(huì)并答記者問。
美國有線電視新聞CNN記者：我們注意到，中國政府發(fā)布的診療方案也好、官方聲明也好，甚至是官方媒體的報(bào)道都大力強(qiáng)調(diào)了中醫(yī)藥的作用，包括多種中醫(yī)藥的明顯療效，甚至有通過純中醫(yī)治療出院的病例。與此同時(shí)，世界衛(wèi)生組織的專家上周在北京的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上尤其提到，目前為止，唯一一種被證明可能對抗病毒有效的是一款西藥，來自美國的瑞德西韋。我的問題就是，中方在有關(guān)中醫(yī)藥方面的立場和觀點(diǎn)，是否和世衛(wèi)組織矛盾?中方的科學(xué)根據(jù)在哪里?有關(guān)通過中醫(yī)治療而好轉(zhuǎn)或者出院的病例會(huì)不會(huì)是一種自愈的結(jié)果呢?謝謝。
余艷紅：非常感謝您對中醫(yī)藥在這次疫情防控中作用發(fā)揮的關(guān)心。中國診療方案是中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)共同并肩戰(zhàn)“疫”、共同智慧的結(jié)晶。在治療方案中，中醫(yī)有比較重要的地位，這是堅(jiān)持中西醫(yī)并重的中國衛(wèi)生健康工作方針，也是中醫(yī)藥的療效決定的。您的問題關(guān)注在療效上，我從三個(gè)方面談一談。
首先，中醫(yī)藥防治瘟疫有著獨(dú)特的理論和實(shí)踐。鑒于早期防治新冠肺炎沒有特效藥和疫苗，運(yùn)用中醫(yī)藥防治瘟疫的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)方法，發(fā)揮中醫(yī)藥整體調(diào)節(jié)、提高免疫的作用，激發(fā)自身的抗病能力和康復(fù)能力，是一種有效的治療方法。在近年的抗擊SARS、甲流中，都已經(jīng)證明了中醫(yī)藥的作用。正如中醫(yī)常講的，“正氣存內(nèi)，邪不可干”。
第二，大量病人治愈出院的事實(shí)充分證明，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合效果顯著。目前5萬余名確診患者出院了，大多數(shù)患者使用了中醫(yī)藥。專家團(tuán)隊(duì)研究證實(shí)，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合與單純使用中藥和西藥相比，能較快地改善發(fā)熱、咳嗽、乏力等癥狀，縮短住院天數(shù)，提高核酸轉(zhuǎn)陰率，有效減少輕型和普通型向重型、重型向危重型的發(fā)展，提高治愈率、減少病亡率。
我舉幾個(gè)例子，比如，輕型和普通型患者，一項(xiàng)452例患者的隨機(jī)對照開放性試驗(yàn)顯示，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合在改善癥狀、提高核酸轉(zhuǎn)陰率方面，顯著優(yōu)于單純的西藥組。另一項(xiàng)500例的臨床隊(duì)列研究顯示，肺部CT影像明顯改善，沒有輕型轉(zhuǎn)為重型。重癥患者，一項(xiàng)75例的臨床對照試驗(yàn)顯示，中西藥并用較單純西藥組相比，核酸轉(zhuǎn)陰時(shí)間、住院時(shí)間平均縮短3天。危重癥患者，中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)專家的聯(lián)合會(huì)診、辨證論治后，中藥在改善血氧飽和度、抑制炎癥風(fēng)暴等方面有積極的作用。國家衛(wèi)生健康委和國家中醫(yī)藥局成立了12個(gè)重癥專家指導(dǎo)組，這就是中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)聯(lián)合指導(dǎo)救治，深入推進(jìn)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合，提高治愈率、降低病亡率。
第三，您剛才講到了，你們關(guān)注到了單純使用中藥治療的病例。確實(shí)有，我們初步地總結(jié)了已經(jīng)出院的近百例中醫(yī)藥治療的病人，其中有不少病人都是重癥，他們都是運(yùn)用中藥為主的治療。
有關(guān)病例的研究和總結(jié)，我們正在進(jìn)行中。
在這次疫情防控中，習(xí)近平總書記一直強(qiáng)調(diào)，要堅(jiān)持中西醫(yī)并重、中西醫(yī)結(jié)合、中西藥并用，我們愿意分享治療新冠肺炎的“中國經(jīng)驗(yàn)”、“中國方案”，讓更多國家了解中醫(yī)藥、理解中醫(yī)藥，使用中醫(yī)藥。在我們中國，疫情發(fā)生的時(shí)候，我們有中醫(yī)藥，一用上中醫(yī)藥，老百姓癥狀就很快緩解，更多地增強(qiáng)了戰(zhàn)勝疾病的信心和勇氣。謝謝您的提問。
湖北衛(wèi)視記者：能不能給我們普通老百姓解釋一下，中醫(yī)藥是如何治療新冠肺炎的?它有什么樣的特色優(yōu)勢?謝謝。
余艷紅：這是一個(gè)很好的問題。我在前面回答記者的問題時(shí)，已經(jīng)介紹過中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)不同。中醫(yī)藥防治傳染病，注重增強(qiáng)人體自身的抵抗力和修復(fù)能力，注重維護(hù)整體平衡，這使得中醫(yī)藥在應(yīng)對那些病因不明確、缺乏疫苗和特效藥物的傳染病時(shí)，有自己的用武之地，提供了不一樣的防治策略。
中醫(yī)藥在疫情爆發(fā)時(shí)，通過癥狀收集和臨床分析，即可確定中醫(yī)治療方案，迅速用于臨床救治，具有快速反應(yīng)、迅速應(yīng)對等優(yōu)勢。在這一次新冠肺炎疫情中，中醫(yī)藥的及早使用、快速改善癥狀，增強(qiáng)了患者戰(zhàn)勝疾病的信心和勇氣。
這次疫情發(fā)生后，中醫(yī)專家從古代經(jīng)典名方中汲取精華，結(jié)合臨床診療的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，迅速提出了中醫(yī)方案，并且在臨床中不斷優(yōu)化。根據(jù)方案，我們堅(jiān)持早期使用，全程參與，精準(zhǔn)施策，中醫(yī)藥深度介入預(yù)防、治療、康復(fù)的全過程。
對于輕型和普通型患者，我們第一時(shí)間使用中藥，對于重型和危重型患者，中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)專家聯(lián)合會(huì)診，中西藥并用，發(fā)揮兩種醫(yī)學(xué)的疊加效應(yīng)。對于恢復(fù)期人群，中藥和針灸、按摩等方法并用，促進(jìn)患者康復(fù)。
實(shí)踐證明，中醫(yī)藥治療新冠肺炎效果是很明確的。在國家最新頒布的第七版診療方案中，中醫(yī)治療的內(nèi)容很豐富，既有通用方，也有針對不同病情、不同證型的方劑，還有中成藥，體現(xiàn)了辨證與辨病的統(tǒng)一，理論與臨床實(shí)踐的統(tǒng)一，指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范的統(tǒng)一，是傳承精華、守正創(chuàng)新的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐。我們很愿意讓更多的老百姓了解中醫(yī)藥的方法，也很愿意和國際社會(huì)分享中醫(yī)藥的治療經(jīng)驗(yàn)。謝謝。
Yu Yanhong Introducing TCM’s Participation in the Epidemic Prevention,Control and Treatment in a Press Conference Held by the State Council Information Office
The State Council Information Office held a press conference in Wuhan, Hubei at 4:00pm on Friday, March 6th, introducing the progress in prevention, control and treatment of COVID-19. Yu Yanhong, member of the central steering group,member of the Leading Party Members' Group of National Health Commission, Secretary of the LeadingPartyMembers'Group of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicineattended the conference and answered questions from reporters.
Reporter with CNN: We noticed that the national diagnosis and treatment protocol，the official statements released by Chinese government and even the official media reports have strongly emphasized the efficacy of TCM in treating COVID-19, including the obvious curative effects of various TCM drugs, and even there are cases cured merely through TCM treatment. At the same time, experts from the World Health Organization mentioned in a press conference in Beijing last week that, there is only one drug right now that we think may have real effecacy, and that is Remdesivir from US. My questions are: Does China's position and views on TCM are contradictable tothose of WHO? What is the scientific basis of the Chinese side? Are the cases improved or discharged through TCM treatment the results of self-healing? Thank you.
Yu Yanhong: Thank you very much for your interest in the role TCM played in the prevention and control of the epidemic.The national diagnosis and treatment protocol is the joint effortof the wisdom of TCM and western medicine fighting the "epidemic", in which, TCM has a relatively important position. This is determined by sticking to the health workprinciple of attaching equal importance of TCM and western medicine, and the efficacy of TCM in treating COVID-19. Your question is most concerned aboutthe efficacy. I’ll elaborate it from three aspects.
First of all, TCM has unique theories and practice for containing plagues. In view of the fact that there werenotherapeutics and vaccines at the early stage of prevention and treatment of COVID-19, the practical experience and technical methods of TCM used to give full play to the overall regulation and improvement of immunity of human body, to stimulate itsimmune systemand recovery ability. It proved to be effective. In recent years, the efficacy of TCM has been proven in the fight against SARS and H1N1. As a famous TCM saying goes: “pathogenic factors are not able to work if healthy qi is sufficient in human body”.
Second, the fact that a large number of patients have been cured and discharged from hospital fully proves that the efficacy of integrated TCM and western medicine treatment is remarkable. At present, more than 50,000 confirmed patients have been discharged, and most of themused TCM. Expert teams’ research confirmed that compared with the exclusive medication ofTCM or western medicine, integrated TCM and western medicine treatment can improve symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue more quickly, shorten the length of hospitalization, increase the rate of nucleic acidtestsconversing negative, and effectively reduce the progression of mild and moderate cases turning into severe ones, and severe cases turning into critical ones, thus increasing recovery rate and reduce mortality rate.
Let me givea few examples. For instance, for mild and moderate patients, a randomized controlled open trial of 452 patients shows that integrated TCM and western medicine treatment group is significantly better than exclusivewestern medicine treatment group in improving symptoms and increasing the rate of nucleic acid tests conversing negative. Another of clinical cohort study of 500 patients shows significant improvement in CT images of lungs, with no mild patients turning into severe ones. For severe patients, a clinical controlled trial of 75 patients shows that integrated TCM and western medicine treatment group, compared with exclusivewestern medicine treatment group, shortened nucleic acid tests conversing negative and hospitalization time by an average of 3 days. For critical patients, after joint consultation and syndrome differentiation of TCM and western medicine experts, their blood oxygen saturation improved and cytokine storms suppressed，showing that TCM played a positive role in treatment. National Health Commission and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine have mobilized 12 steering groups consisting of expects dealing with severe cases to guild integrated TCM and western medicine treatment and promote in-depth integration, so to improve recovery rate and reduce mortality rate
Third, you mentioned just now that you noticed cases merely treated with TCM. Indeed, we have preliminarily summarized the treatment methods of nearly a hundred recovered patients, many of whom were severe patents. They wereall treated mainly with TCM.
We are still working on the case study and summaryright now.
In this epidemic prevention and control, General Secretary Xi Jinping has always emphasized that we must adhere to the principle of attaching equal importance of TCM and western medicine, integrating TCM treatment with western medicine treatment, and combining themedication of TCM and western medicine. We are willing to share the "Chinese experience" and "Chinese protocol" for the treatment of COVID-19 with other countries, so that more countries can get to know TCM, understand TCM and useit in treatment. In China, when the epidemic breaks out, we haveTCM treatment. As soon as TCM treatment is used, patents’ symptoms are immediately relieved, which further strengthens their confidence and courage to overcome the disease. Thank you for your question.
Reporter with Hubei TV:Could you explain to the public how to use TCM to treat COVID-19? What are the characteristics and advantages of TCM? Thank you.
Yu Yanhong:Good question. I have mentioned that TCM is different from western medicine when answering the last question. Using TCM to prevent and treat a communicable disease, doctors pay more attention to the immune system and the recovery ability of the body itself, to the holistic balance. This is why TCM could play the role in face of the communicable diseases with no identified pathology, no vaccine and no therapeutics, and provide a different prevention and treatment method.
When an epidemic breaks out, after symptoms collecting and clinical analysis, a TCM treatment could be identified and used in the clinical treatment. It is the advantage of TCM to give fast response. In the prevention and control of COVID-19, the early use of TCM helps to improve the symptoms quickly, hence strengthening the confidence and courage of the patients.
After the outbreak of COVID-19, the TCM experts, combining the selected classic formulas and the clinical experience, put forward quickly a TCM treatment protocol and optimized it continually. With the protocol, we adhere to the early use of TCM, its full-course intervention and precise implementation. TCM has played its role in the full course of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
For the mild and moderate cases, we use TCM as soon as possible. For the severe and critical cases, we exert a duplicate effect of both TCM and western medicine by joint consultation of TCM and western doctors and joint medication of TCM and western medicine. For the convalescent, we use TCM medication, acupuncture and moxibustion, massage, etc. to help with their recovery.
It is proven that the effectiveness of TCM to COVID-19 is clear. In the updated the National Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol of COVID-19 (Trial Version 7 ), a plenty of TCM methods are included, such as general formulas, formulas to different types of cases and different syndromes, and TCM drugs. It is a vivid practice of inheriting the essence and innovating while keeping the legacy, showing the unity of syndrome differentiation and disease identification, the unity of theory and clinical practice, the unity of guidance and standards. We are very willing to tell more about the TCM methods to the public, to share the treating experience in TCM with the international community. Thank you.
Translated by Zhao Hong，Xu Jing，Wu Sufang
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